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stages of social democracy. Redistribution of wealth

Olof Palme divided the recent history of his country in three stages. The engine of historical progress was the Swedish Social Democratic Party, SAP. An interesting task may be trying to extrapolate these stages to other countries.

1. Political democracy, a struggle for the achievement of parliamentary democracy in the terms we know today. At this stage replaces oligarchic type parliamentary democracy and despotism, by a parliamentary democracy with genuine plurality. In Sweden in this regard we have the achievement of universal male suffrage (1909) the 8-hour day and universal male suffrage (1918).

2. Social Democracy; struggle to achieve an egalitarian society, with the creation of the welfare state and a tax policy that allows the redistribution of wealth. This will be done through economic planning and the establishment of a mixed economy (free market + state planning) for the existence of a universal social Serbs and accessible to everyone. In Sweden this happens from the 20's, and especially after 1932, since which time the SAP will remain continuously in power for 44 years. An important milestone in this process was the creation of pension fund in 1956. The electoral success of the SAP is explained taking into account the success of social policies (Keynesian initially) to address and overcome the crisis of 29, and in general, to increase the level and quality of life of most citizens.

3. Industrial Democracy, the extension of democracy into the workplace and economic development. with the increasing participation of workers in the management and direction of their enterprises, ie the self . The basis of this stage is the strength of trade unionism in Sweden in the seventies had the highest unionization rates in the West. Almost 90% of the workers were part of the Trade Union Confederation (LO) and 70% of office workers and officials were accused in the TDO. This was the recipe of Olof Palme out of crisis of 70. As he died before he could carry to term, and his successors left the project, we consider that this stage was abandoned without exceeding objectives.

The arrival of neoliberalism, and the reorientation of economic policies, we can speak of regression in the implementation of the objectives of social democracy. On the one hand, it has slipped in the political democracy, as the assimilation of the principles of neoliberalism by parties calling themselves social democrats, has reduced the plurality and has become a dynamic similar to that of democracy oligarchic and chieftaincy of the nineteenth century, ie turnismo in power without policy change. On the other hand the new recipes have been a decline in the social gains achieved during the stage of social democracy , but of course, this decline has been different in pace and scope depending on the country. Finally, instead of moving towards industrial democracy , is gone in the opposite direction. Now the power of workers has fallen sharply as a result of the processes arising from economic liberalization and globalization, those that have increased their power is the economic and financial oligarchy, until nearly set above even democratic governments. So we can speak of a new reactionary stage, instead of moving from social democracy to industrial democracy, we have moved from social democracy to the global plutocracy .

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